241002

클래스

1. 클래스 선언
1. 객체 생성
1. 메서드 호출

In [12]:

# 1. 클래스 선언
class Account:
    def __init__(self, balance):
        self.balance = balance
    def deposit(self, amount):
        self.balance += amount
    def withdraw(self, amount):
        self.balance -= amount

In [18]:

# 2. 객체 생성
acc1 = Account(1000)    # 잔고 1000
acc2 = Account(3000)    # 잔고 3000

In [21]:

# dir(): 객체에 들어있는 변수, 메서드 목록 출력
print(dir(acc1)[-3:])

['balance', 'deposit', 'withdraw']

In [23]:

# 3. 메서드 호출
acc1.deposit(1000)
acc2.withdraw(2000)

print(acc1.balance, acc2.balance)

2000 1000

In [ ]:

In [34]:

# 1. 클래스 선언
class Marine:
    def __init__(self, health, ap):
        self.health = health
        self.ap = ap
    def attack(self, unit):
        unit.health -=  self.ap

In [36]:

# 2. 객체 생성
m1 = Marine(40, 5)    # 체력 40, 공격력 5
m2 = Marine(50, 6)    # 체력 50, 공격력 6

In [38]:

# 3. 메서드 호출

In [40]:

m1.attack(m2)
m2.attack(m1)

print(m1.health, m2.health)

34 45

In [ ]:

웹크롤링 (Web Crawling)

1. 웹서비스 분석: url = ???
1. 서버에 데이터 요청: request.get(url)
1. 서버에서 받은 데이터 형태 변경 json()

In [58]:

import requests
import pandas as pd

In [60]:

# 1. 웹서비스 분석
url = 'https://m.stock.naver.com/api/index/KOSPI/price?pageSize=20&page=1'

In [64]:

# 2. 서버에 데이터 요청
# status code가 200이 나오면 정상
# 403 or 500이면 request가 잘못되거나 web server에서 수집 안되도록 설정한 것
response = requests.get(url)
response

Out[64]:

<Response [200]>

In [66]:

# 3. 서버에서 받은 데이터 형태 변경 json() -> list, dict -> DataFrame
type(response.json())

Out[66]:

list

In [78]:

data = response.json()
data

Out[78]:

[{'localTradedAt': '2024-10-02',
  'closePrice': '2,561.69',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-31.58',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-1.22',
  'openPrice': '2,566.55',
  'highPrice': '2,591.61',
  'lowPrice': '2,555.46'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-30',
  'closePrice': '2,593.27',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-56.51',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-2.13',
  'openPrice': '2,665.24',
  'highPrice': '2,668.66',
  'lowPrice': '2,593.27'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-27',
  'closePrice': '2,649.78',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-21.79',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-0.82',
  'openPrice': '2,674.58',
  'highPrice': '2,681.45',
  'lowPrice': '2,649.78'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-26',
  'closePrice': '2,671.57',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '75.25',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '2.90',
  'openPrice': '2,630.91',
  'highPrice': '2,671.57',
  'lowPrice': '2,630.30'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-25',
  'closePrice': '2,596.32',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-35.36',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-1.34',
  'openPrice': '2,652.71',
  'highPrice': '2,663.36',
  'lowPrice': '2,596.32'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-24',
  'closePrice': '2,631.68',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '29.67',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '1.14',
  'openPrice': '2,612.45',
  'highPrice': '2,631.68',
  'lowPrice': '2,597.81'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-23',
  'closePrice': '2,602.01',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '8.64',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '0.33',
  'openPrice': '2,596.47',
  'highPrice': '2,603.57',
  'lowPrice': '2,588.49'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-20',
  'closePrice': '2,593.37',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '12.57',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '0.49',
  'openPrice': '2,603.83',
  'highPrice': '2,619.55',
  'lowPrice': '2,591.40'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-19',
  'closePrice': '2,580.80',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '5.39',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '0.21',
  'openPrice': '2,594.67',
  'highPrice': '2,598.68',
  'lowPrice': '2,550.09'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-13',
  'closePrice': '2,575.41',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '3.32',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '0.13',
  'openPrice': '2,571.81',
  'highPrice': '2,584.11',
  'lowPrice': '2,562.91'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-12',
  'closePrice': '2,572.09',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '58.72',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '2.34',
  'openPrice': '2,547.50',
  'highPrice': '2,572.09',
  'lowPrice': '2,537.87'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-11',
  'closePrice': '2,513.37',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-10.06',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-0.40',
  'openPrice': '2,524.86',
  'highPrice': '2,526.13',
  'lowPrice': '2,493.37'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-10',
  'closePrice': '2,523.43',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-12.50',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-0.49',
  'openPrice': '2,542.69',
  'highPrice': '2,544.83',
  'lowPrice': '2,522.48'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-09',
  'closePrice': '2,535.93',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-8.35',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-0.33',
  'openPrice': '2,498.67',
  'highPrice': '2,543.22',
  'lowPrice': '2,491.30'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-06',
  'closePrice': '2,544.28',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-31.22',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-1.21',
  'openPrice': '2,576.66',
  'highPrice': '2,576.94',
  'lowPrice': '2,529.31'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-05',
  'closePrice': '2,575.50',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-5.30',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-0.21',
  'openPrice': '2,598.36',
  'highPrice': '2,615.80',
  'lowPrice': '2,560.65'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-04',
  'closePrice': '2,580.80',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-83.83',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-3.15',
  'openPrice': '2,589.94',
  'highPrice': '2,608.13',
  'lowPrice': '2,578.07'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-03',
  'closePrice': '2,664.63',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '-16.37',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '-0.61',
  'openPrice': '2,683.12',
  'highPrice': '2,695.59',
  'lowPrice': '2,664.63'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-09-02',
  'closePrice': '2,681.00',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '6.69',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '0.25',
  'openPrice': '2,683.80',
  'highPrice': '2,686.98',
  'lowPrice': '2,658.31'},
 {'localTradedAt': '2024-08-30',
  'closePrice': '2,674.31',
  'compareToPreviousClosePrice': '12.03',
  'compareToPreviousPrice': {'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'},
  'fluctuationsRatio': '0.45',
  'openPrice': '2,676.72',
  'highPrice': '2,686.51',
  'lowPrice': '2,668.66'}]

In [80]:

df = pd.DataFrame(data)
df.head()

Out[80]:

localTradedAtclosePricecompareToPreviousClosePricecompareToPreviousPricefluctuationsRatioopenPricehighPricelowPrice01234

2024-10-02	2,561.69	-31.58	{'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'}	-1.22	2,566.55	2,591.61	2,555.46
2024-09-30	2,593.27	-56.51	{'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'}	-2.13	2,665.24	2,668.66	2,593.27
2024-09-27	2,649.78	-21.79	{'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'}	-0.82	2,674.58	2,681.45	2,649.78
2024-09-26	2,671.57	75.25	{'code': '2', 'text': '상승', 'name': 'RISING'}	2.90	2,630.91	2,671.57	2,630.30
2024-09-25	2,596.32	-35.36	{'code': '5', 'text': '하락', 'name': 'FALLING'}	-1.34	2,652.71	2,663.36	2,596.32

In [86]:

df = df.loc[:, ['localTradedAt', 'closePrice']]
df.tail()

Out[86]:

localTradedAtclosePrice1516171819

2024-09-05	2,575.50
2024-09-04	2,580.80
2024-09-03	2,664.63
2024-09-02	2,681.00
2024-08-30	2,674.31